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Hadith
Section
> A
Manual of
Hadith
> Chapter 20: Marriage (Summary of the
Chapter) Chapter
20: The Arabic word for marriage is nikah which means, originally `aqd or uniting. It is recognised in Islam as the basis of human society, and marriage-relationship is given the same importance as blood-relationship (v. 1) Celibate life is against the teachings of the Holy Qur'an which requires every Muslim to live in a married state (v. 2 : h. 1). Castration is forbidden (hh. 2, 3). Marriage is a sacred contract (v. 4), which a man and a woman enter into by mutual agreement (v. 3). It is a contract entered into for life, temporary marriage being forbidden (h. 4). It serves a double purpose, being the means of the moral uplift of man and the means of the multiplication of the human race (vv. 5, 7). Marriage may be contracted with a non-Muslim woman (v. 8). It is prohibited within certain degrees of relationship (v. 9). The rule is the marriage of one man with one woman, but in exceptional cases a man may marry up to four women (v. 13). Marriage with slave-girls was allowed in case a man had not the means to marry a free woman (v. 14). Marriage should be preceded by a proposal (h. 5). It is recommended that before making a proposal, a man should satisfy himself as to the desirability of the match (hh. 6, 7). The guardian must obtain the woman's consent (h. 8); where a woman was given in marriage by her father and she disliked the match, the marriage was annulled (h. 9). Marriage among equals is recommended, but all Muslims being equal there is no limitation as to the choice of the mate (h. 10). Nobility of character is the most valuable gift of a woman which should be taken into consideration in marrying her (h. 11). A dowry must be settled upon the woman, there being no limitation as to the amount (vv. 10, 11 ; h. 5) : it may be increased or decreased by mutual consent after marriage (v. 12). Any conditions may be laid down at the time of marriage, so long as they are not against the law of Islam (h. 12). Shighar is prohibited (h. 13). The marriage must be publicly proclaimed, and it is recommended that it should be held in a public place and announced with the beat of duff, a musical instrument (h. 14). The contract is sanctified by a sermon before the parties announce their acceptance (h. 15). Gatherings on the occasion of marriage are also a means of making it publicly known (h. 16). Music is allowed at the marriage ceremony (h. 17). Gifts may also be given on this occasion (h. 18). A feast is recommended when the bride comes to the husband's house (hh. 19, 20). Prayer to God for Divine blessings is recommended at the first meeting of the husband and the wife (h. 21). Birth-control is allowed when it becomes a necessity (hh. 22, 23). When a baby is born, adhan must be called out into its ears (h. 24), and the naming and the tahnik follow (h. 25). `Aqiqah must also be performed if one can afford (hh. 26-28).
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